The Fireweed Collective along with the Spoonie Collective out of Los Angeles presented a webinar titled Disability Justice 101. The Fireweed Collective offers mental health education and mutual aid to help change the harm of abuse and oppression created by the mental health system. They are working with the Spoonie Collective which is a group of LGBTQIA+ individuals with disabilities, neurodiversity, and chronic illnesses. The Spoonie Collective offers in-person and virtual workshops and panels on the intersection of race, gender, disability justice (DJ), feminist theory, and more. This webinar covers basic terminology, disability theory, disability justice vs disability rights, disability movers and shakers, disability justice in the time of COVID-19 and becoming a DJ accomplice and is hosted by Tasha Fierce and Laurent Corralez.
Tasha describes themselves as queer, Black, disabled, nonbinary femme who is a writer, artist, crisis doula, facilitator and mystic. Their website is tashafierce.com. Laurent describes himself as a physically disabled, trans, latinx community organizer and zinester.
Definitions
The first item discussed was defining Disability Justice and what it looks like. A picture was shown to define DJ. It had the following words: intersectionality, leadership of those most impacted, anti-capitalism, cross-movement organizing, wholeness, sustainability, cross-disability solidarity, interdependence, collective access and collective liberation. Sins Invalid states that DJ looks like valuing each body and the power it yields. It holds that each body is unique, essential, has strengths and needs that must be met. Bodies are powerful because of our complexities not despite them. Finally, DJ recognizes that all bodies are confined by ability, race, gender, sexuality, class, nation state, religion, and more, and we cannot separate them.
The next few terms that were defined included ableism, disability and invisible disability. The Center for Disability Rights defines ableism as a set of beliefs or practices that devalue and discriminate against people with disabilities. It assumes that people with disabilities need to be “fixed.” The definition of disability is taken from Sins Invalid. It states, “We define disability broadly to include people with physical impairments, people who belong to a sensory minority, people with emotional disabilities, people with cognitive challenges, and those with chronic/severe illness.” Some disabilities are considered invisible since they are not overtly obvious. They are defined by The Center for Disability Rights as, “a physical, mental or neurological condition that limits a person’s movements, senses, or activities that is invisible to the onlooker.”
The final 3 terms defined were chronic illness, neurodiversity and trigger. A chronic illness usually refers to a health condition or disease that has persistent effects, comes with time, and lasts more than three months. Psychology Today defines neurodiversity as the idea that neurological differences like autism and ADHD are the result of normal, natural variation in the human genome. This is not a universally accepted definition but is gaining support from science. Finally, a trigger is a stimulus that causes feelings of past trauma. It may illicit feeling of overwhelming sadness, anxiety, panic, or flashbacks.
Disability Theories
After these definitions were explained, several disability theories were shared. These theories attempt to illustrate how a disability can affect different aspects of life such as energy, stress, and vulnerabilities. The two theories that stood out were Spoon Theory and Fork Theory.
Spoon Theory was developed by Christine Miserandino to explain how disability or chronic illness can reduce mental and physical energy. According to this theory, a person wakes up with a certain amount of spoons for the day. Each task performed, as well as pain and fatigue, takes away a spoon. When all the spoons are used, a person’s energy is gone. The idea is that the pain, fatigue, or daily struggles can use spoons (energy) that ordinarily could be used on other tasks.
The Fork theory is a corollary to the Spoon Theory meant to help neurodivergent and neurotypical individuals explain how stressors affect their disability. In this theory, a fork is any stressor that is stabbed into an individual. Stressors can be big or small. An individual’s fork limit is different each day. When the limit is reached, the next stick no matter how big or small will set the person off. This explains why a little annoyance can evoke a disproportionate reaction.
Disability Rights vs Disability Justice
It is important to understand the difference between Disability Rights and Disability Justice. Disability Rights has to do with working within the legal system to ensure personal rights. To be able to access these rights the person with the disability must know that they are entitled to the mandated right and may have to fight for them. The claim to fame of the Disability Rights movement is the Americans with Disabilities Act, or ADA, of 1990.
While the ADA is a legal solution, it does not address societal attitudes towards people with disabilities. Collaborators of DJ movements understand the ableist supremacy and white privilege that has been created with respect to other systems of oppression. It is commonly acknowledged that people with disabilities are treated as disposable. The machine perpetuating these attitudes must be dismantled. This is where Disability Justice comes in as it seeks to honor people’s access needs and is not performative. DJ seeks equity in all areas of life and society.
Movers and Shakers
There are many movers and shakers that have played a part in the Disability Rights and Disability Justice movements. Here are a few that the presenters shared. First up was Sins Invalid. This project grows and features artists with disabilities centering on artists of color and LGBTQ/gender-variant who have been historically marginalized. They work to shift the paradigm of what is “sexy” and “normal.” The second Organization mentioned is Disability Justice Culture Club. It is a house in East Oakland where persons with disabilities who belong to the BIPOC community hold events, meetings and meals.
The Disability Visibility Project was the third organization mentioned. This online community creates, shares, and amplifies disability media and culture. They believe narratives from people with disabilities matter and have created media from oral histories if those with disabilities. They also publish items from the perspective of people with disabilities that have to do with ableism, intersectionality, culture, media and politics. Next to be mentioned was the Deaf Queer Resource Center founded by Drago Renteria who is a Deaf queer/trans activist. It went live on the web September 1, 1995.
The Kindred Southern Healing Collective was established by people of color in the southern United State after hurricane Katrina. It was in response to trauma, violence and social conditions in the south. Members created Good Medicine, a recording of interviews with southern healers and activists.
The final mover and shaker highlighted was The Los Angeles Spoonie Collective, a group of individuals with disabilities, neurodivergent and chronically ill LGBTQIA+ members. They have programs which supports this community. The Limitless Letters Pen Pal Program pairs incarcerated LGBTQIA+ individuals with pen pals. The collective’s Care Web website which tracks members needs and how members can help one another. They also provide workshops and panel discussions on the intersections of race, gender, and disability, disability justice, feminist theory, and more.
COVID-19 and Disability Justice
Disability Justice 101 concluded with the effects of COVID-19 on the disability community. The pandemic has brought to light systemic inequities including the brokenness of our healthcare system, a lack of support for the unemployed and the failure of the nuclear family. Officials and politicians have also called on the vulnerable to be sacrificed. People with disabilities have been deprioritized in triage, have been put last in line for ventilators, are disproportionately given DNR status, and have had their quality of life devalued. Throughout the country there have been letter writing campaigns to make healthcare institutions value and treat individuals with disabilities as they would an able-bodied person.
Historically, marginalized groups have helped themselves through mutual aid. This is a broad term that can involve mercenaries or anti-government establishments, but for disability justice’s purpose it is described as coming together to meet basic survival needs that the system cannot or will not provide. Mutual aid is a form of political participation to care for one another and change political conditions by building new social relations that are more survivable. There were three types of mutual aids given, promotion of self and community care and health prioritization, growing anti-capitalism, and care networks or webs.
Becoming a DJ Accomplice
Finally, there was a discussion on three ways to be a disability justice accomplice. The presenter acknowledged that this is not an exhaustive list. First, check your privilege and use it. This may look like standing up to discrimination (seen or implied) within your social group or place of employment. The second way to act is to evaluate and use the skills you have to empower or help someone with a disability. For example, if you are a lawyer, help or connect someone who can help a person navigate getting on disability. Lastly, build a mutual aid map. This is a visual representation of how different groups and individuals are helping each other.
People with disabilities face many challenges. Practicing and promoting disability justice is essential to empowerment and reducing marginalization of the community of people with disabilities. The Spoonie Collective did just that through their Disability Justice 101 webinar. They defined what disability is and the many kinds of disabilities. Several theories were explained to conceptualize disabilities and then a discussion of disability justice and disability rights. The webinar concluded with illustrating the disparity of those with disabilities during the COVID pandemic. Society needs more programs like this with greater visibility to de-marginalize people with disabilities.
(Picture of Jennifer Milharcic wearing a pink top. She has an open smile and short brownish hair.) Jennifer Milharcic has Cerebral Palsy and is an independent contractor with the Indiana Coalition Against Domestic Violence and Indiana Disability Justice. She loves to hang out with friends and her dog Becca.